Halitosis Research
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1. C J L Silwood, M Grootveld, D P Naughton, D Y D Samarawickrama and E Lynch.
(The London Hospital Medical College, London, E1 2AD, UK).
MANAGEMENT OF ORAL MALODOUR WITH A NEW ORAL SPRAY.
Journal of Dental Research 74, British Society for Dental Research Annual Meeting, 420, 1996.

This pilot study used an industrial sulphide monitor1 in the analysis of oral malodour to assess a new oral spray2. The monitor measures a peak reading of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) in parts per billion (ppb) based on a build-up during 2 minutes in which the mouth is closed, as well as a 'steady-state' value indicative of ongoing sulphide production. The method has been applied to 4 patients who complained of bad breath and 6 patients who did not complain of bad breath to see if VSC levels dropped following the use of an oral spray2. Readings were taken before and after spraying, three being recorded in each case as to obtain an average, the period of time between the two sets of readings being fifteen minutes. In the case of the four who had clinical halitosis, a detectable decrease in both peak (mean values recorded from 189 to 122 ppb), and 'steady-state' values were observed, whilst the other six subjects showed no significant change. The latter group's peak readings before spraying occurred in the region (50-125 ppb) where no discernible change might be expected.

The readings for the four patients with halitosis showing sensitivity to the Janina product suggested that a convenient minimum index to detect change for oral malodour with this experimental set-up might be around 160 ppb.

*Halimeter, Abiodent Inc, USA. 2Janina Liquid Toothpaste Spray, Janina International, UK.

2. N D Johnson1, E Lynch1, A Sheerin2, M Atherton2, D Naughton2 and M Grootveld2.
(Conservative Dentistry1, and Inflammation Research Group2, LHMC).
MULTICOMPONENT INVESTIGATIONS OF THE OXIDISING ACTIONS OF A CHLORITE-CONTAINING ORAL RINSE.
Journal of Dental Research 73: 879, 462, 1995.

A multicomponent evaluation of the oxidative consumption of salivary biomolecules by a commercially-available oral rinse1 preparation containing chlorite anion [CIO2-, 2% (W/V)] has been investigated using high resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy. Unstimulated human saliva samples were obtained from twenty patients. Immediately after collection all samples were centrifuged, supernatant removed, and an equivalent volume of oral rinse1 added. The mixture was incubated at a temperature of 37oC for a 30 minute period prior to 1H NMR analysis. Aqueous solutions containing 1.00 X 10-2 mol.dm-3 sodium pyruvate, L-cysteine or L-methionine were prepared in 4.00 X 10-2 mol.dm-3 phosphate buffer (pH 7.00). Aliquots of these solutions were than treated with an equivalent volume of oral rinse1. The results obtained demonstrated that CIO2- present in this preparation effected the oxidative decarboxylation of salivary pyruvate (to acetate and CO2). Experiments conducted on chemicals model systems confirmed the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate by this oral rinse1, and also demonstrated that the amino acids cysteine and methionine (precursors to volatile sulphur compounds responsible for oral malodour) were oxidatively consumed.

High resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy is a technique of much utility concerning multicomponent evaluations of the oxidising actions of therapeutically-active agents present in oral rinse preparations towards salivary biomolecules.

*Janina Liquid Toothpaste Spray, Janina International, UK.

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